2 Kings 13:7

Authorized King James Version

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Neither did he leave of the people to Jehoahaz but fifty horsemen, and ten chariots, and ten thousand footmen; for the king of Syria had destroyed them, and had made them like the dust by threshing.

Original Language Analysis

כִּ֣י H3588
כִּ֣י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 1 of 21
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
לֹא֩ H3808
לֹא֩
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 2 of 21
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
הִשְׁאִ֨יר Neither did he leave H7604
הִשְׁאִ֨יר Neither did he leave
Strong's: H7604
Word #: 3 of 21
properly, to swell up, i.e., be (causatively, make) redundant
לִיהֽוֹאָחָ֜ז to Jehoahaz H3059
לִיהֽוֹאָחָ֜ז to Jehoahaz
Strong's: H3059
Word #: 4 of 21
jehoachaz, the name of three israelites
עָ֗ם of the people H5971
עָ֗ם of the people
Strong's: H5971
Word #: 5 of 21
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
כִּ֣י H3588
כִּ֣י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 6 of 21
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
אִם H518
אִם
Strong's: H518
Word #: 7 of 21
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
חֲמִשִּׁ֤ים but fifty H2572
חֲמִשִּׁ֤ים but fifty
Strong's: H2572
Word #: 8 of 21
fifty
פָּֽרָשִׁים֙ horsemen H6571
פָּֽרָשִׁים֙ horsemen
Strong's: H6571
Word #: 9 of 21
a steed (as stretched out to a vehicle, not single nor for mounting ); also (by implication) a driver (in a chariot), i.e., (collectively) cavalry
וַֽעֲשֶׂ֥רֶת and ten H6235
וַֽעֲשֶׂ֥רֶת and ten
Strong's: H6235
Word #: 10 of 21
ten (as an accumulation to the extent of the digits)
רֶ֔כֶב chariots H7393
רֶ֔כֶב chariots
Strong's: H7393
Word #: 11 of 21
a vehicle; by implication, a team; by extension, cavalry; by analogy a rider, i.e., the upper millstone
וַֽעֲשֶׂ֥רֶת and ten H6235
וַֽעֲשֶׂ֥רֶת and ten
Strong's: H6235
Word #: 12 of 21
ten (as an accumulation to the extent of the digits)
אֲלָפִ֖ים thousand H505
אֲלָפִ֖ים thousand
Strong's: H505
Word #: 13 of 21
hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousand
רַגְלִ֑י footmen H7273
רַגְלִ֑י footmen
Strong's: H7273
Word #: 14 of 21
a footman (soldier)
כִּ֤י H3588
כִּ֤י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 15 of 21
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
אִבְּדָם֙ had destroyed H6
אִבְּדָם֙ had destroyed
Strong's: H6
Word #: 16 of 21
properly, to wander away, i.e., lose oneself; by implication to perish (causative, destroy)
מֶ֣לֶךְ for the king H4428
מֶ֣לֶךְ for the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 17 of 21
a king
אֲרָ֔ם of Syria H758
אֲרָ֔ם of Syria
Strong's: H758
Word #: 18 of 21
aram or syria, and its inhabitants; also the name of the son of shem, a grandson of nahor, and of an israelite
וַיְשִׂמֵ֥ם them and had made H7760
וַיְשִׂמֵ֥ם them and had made
Strong's: H7760
Word #: 19 of 21
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
כֶּֽעָפָ֖ר them like the dust H6083
כֶּֽעָפָ֖ר them like the dust
Strong's: H6083
Word #: 20 of 21
dust (as powdered or gray); hence, clay, earth, mud
לָדֻֽשׁ׃ by threshing H1758
לָדֻֽשׁ׃ by threshing
Strong's: H1758
Word #: 21 of 21
to trample or thresh

Analysis & Commentary

Neither did he leave of the people to Jehoahaz but fifty horsemen, and ten chariots, and ten thousand footmen; for the king of Syria had destroyed them, and had made them like the dust by threshing.

This verse contributes to the overall theme of chapter 13: God's patience with recurring apostasy. The reference to kingship reminds readers that all human authority is subordinate to God's ultimate kingship. The prophetic ministry served as God's primary means of covenant enforcement, calling both kings and people to faithfulness. This passage occurs during the decline toward Israel's exile, demonstrating how persistent covenant unfaithfulness leads to national disaster.

The narrative demonstrates God's justice in judging covenant unfaithfulness while maintaining His ultimate purposes for redemption.

Historical Context

Historical Setting: 2 Kings 13 takes place during the declining years of the northern kingdom, 8th century BCE, culminating in exile in 722 BCE. The chapter's theme (Decline of Israel and Judah) reflects the historical reality of progressive political instability and external threats, particularly from Aram (Syria) and later Assyria. Archaeological evidence from this period includes royal inscriptions, administrative documents, and material culture that corroborate the biblical account while providing additional context for understanding the political and social dynamics at work.

Questions for Reflection

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